Building structure



Jan. 26, 1937. E. c. WASBUN ET A1. 2,068,831

BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed Oct. l2, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet l Jan. 26, 1937.E. c. y'vAsHBURN x-:T Al. 2,068,331

BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed Oct. 12, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 J2 gfgvsyg .,g'dJ7 Jan. 26, 1 93'7. E. c. wAsHBURN ET AL 2,068,831

BUILDINGy STRUCTURE Filed 00L 12, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 gli# mmm

M5/ffy? Jan. 26, 1937. E. c. wAsHBURN ET A1. 2,068,331

BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed oct. 12, 1955 4 sheets-smet 4 Patented Jan. 26,1937 UNITEDl STATES PATENT ori-ica BUILDING STRUCTURE Edwin C. Washburn.Edwin C. Washburn, Jr.. and Alfred F. Washburn, Englewood. N. J.

Application October 12, 1935, Serial No. 44,736

(Cl. i2-1) 21 Claims.

This invention relates to a building construction and while theinvention may have various applications. it is particularly related to abuilding construction wherein the building is assembled from preformedparts.

It is an object of this invention to provide a building assembled fromslabs or plates preformed from a material such as concrete or acomposition material, which slabs or plates can be assembled and securedtogether without the employment of skilled labor.

It is another object oi the invention to provide a building in which thewalls are formed of asembled preformed or precast slabs or plates of l5'some such material as concrete, said walls constituting a form forconcrete used in the structure of the building.

It is still another object of the invention to provide a buildingcomprising a wall having spaced ing a body of tying material such asconcrete poured between said sides at certain points, preferably wherejoints occur, said sections preferably having tying means projectinginto said poured concrete so that an integral structure is provided whensaid poured concrete sets.

- It is a further object of the invention to provide a building andmethod of making the same in which preformed or precast plates or slabsof some material such as concrete or composition material are provided,corner' posts of similar material also being provided and the parts heldtogether at various points by means of a body of tying material pouredat the time of construction.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a building structurehaving walls with spaced sides formed of preformed or precast sections,preformed joists of concrete or similar material extending between saidwalls and a body of tying material between said walls in which the endsof said joists are imbedded.

It is still another object of the invention to provide a method offorming a building which consists in assembling preformed or precastsections oi concrete or composition material to form walls having spacedsides and pouring a body of tying material such as concrete between saidwalls at the time of construction to form an integral structure, saidwalls constituting a form for said tying material. l n It is a furtherobject of the invention to provide a method of constructing a buildingwhich consists in assembling walls of preformed sections of r'concreteor composition material, said walls havsides of assembled precastsections, said wall havingfspaced sides, placing a corner post adjacentsaid walls and pouring a body of tyinsr material such as concrete toconnect said walls and corner post into an integral structure.

It is still further an object of the invention to provide a buildingcomprislnga chimney, preferably having spaced walls, the exhaust heatfrom the chimney or furnace of the building being used to heat certainrooms of said building preferably by having a communication between saidrooms and the space between the walls of said chimney.

These and other objects and advantages of the invention will be fullyset forth in the following description made in connection with theaccompanying drawings, in which like reference characters refer tosimilar parts throughout the several views and in whichz Fig. 1 is a.partial perspective view of the exterior of said building, certain partsbeing broken away and others shown in section;

Fig. 2 is a partial view in side elevation of the exterior of saidbuilding;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken on line I-l of Fig. 2 as indicated bythe arrows;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal cross section taken on line 5 4 of Fig. l asindicated by the arrows;

Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 1 as indicated bythe arrow, said section extending through the basement and a portion ofthe rst floor of said building;

Fig. 6 is a vertical section through the lower portion of the buildingtaken in a direction at right angles to the section in Fig. 5;

Fig. '7 is a vertical section taken on line 1-1 of Fig. 5 as indicatedby the arrow;

Fig. 8 is a view in side elevation of the inner wall at the location ofa joist;

Fig. 9 is a plan view of a nut or securing member used;

Fig. 10 is a view in side elevation of the member shown in Fig. 8;

Fig. 1l is a view similar to Fig. '1 showing a modification;

Fig. 12 is 'a view similar to Fig. 11 showing a further modification;

Fig. 13 is aview in vertical section similar to Fig. y

5 but taken through the upper part of the building:

Fig. 14 is a view in vertical section similar to Fig. 13 takenthroughout the whole building and showing the chimney construction;

Fig. 15 is a horizontal section taken on line IS-IE of Fig. 14 asindicated by the arrows;

Fig. 16 is a horizontal section of the chimney shown on an enlargedscale.

Referring to the drawings, particularly Figs. 1

to 5, a building construction is shown comprising tical cross sectionbut having a trough or groove 28a in its upper side which is also ofrectangular form in cross section. Tie members 22 are preferablyimbedded in the foundation and project upwardly into groove 20a. Whilethese tie members may be of any desired form they are shown as smallrods or wires having their lower ends imbedded in foundation 2U andtheir upper ends projecting upwardly into groove 20 at an angle to saidlower ends. Plates 23 are provided which form the exterior of the lowerwall portion of the building. Plates 23 will be precast of some materialsuch as concrete or some composition material and the same are shown asrectangular in form and as having ribs 23a extending along their edges.Plates 24 similar to plates 23 are also provided which preferably willbe of the same length and width as plates 23. While plates 23 and 24 maybe of any desired thickness, the latter are shown as of somewhat smallerthickness than plates 23. Plates 23 have imbedded therein one or moresecuring members 25. While said securing members may take various forms,in the embodiment of the invention illustrated they are shown in theform of a frusto-conical nut having projecting flanges 25a at one end.See Figs. 9 and l0. Said members 25 will be imbedded in the plates 23when the same are cast. Plates 24 are also provided with ribs 24aextending along their edges. While the ribs 23a and 24a. may be of anydesired form, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated they areshown as trapezoidal in cross section with their wider ends adjacentplates 23 and 24 respectively. Plates 24 have countersunk holes 24htherein and headed bolts 26 extend through holes `24b and are threadedinto the nuts 25. The plates 23 and 24 are thus held in rigid spacedrelation. After the plates have been positioned and connected by bolts26 and properly plumbed a body of tying material such as concrete 2`| ispoured between the same at their lower ends imbedding the' tie members22 and ribs 23a and 24a. When the material 21 sets or hardens the plates23, 24 and the foundation 20 are rigidly connected in an integralstructure. Bolts 26 may be unscrewed and removed if desired after themedium 40 has become hard. If desired, the outer plate 23 may be furtheranchored by means of a tie bolt 28 extending therethrough and havingnuts 29 threaded thereon at the sides of plate 23. Bolt 28 extendsoutwardly and is threaded in a nut 30 imbedded in a slab 3| of concreteor similar material placed in the ground some distance from plate 23.While slab 3| may be of any shape, in the embodiment of the inventionillustrated it is shown as a slab rectangular in plan and cross section.Slab 3| will be placed in position by forming a' hole indicated by thedotted line 32. Plates 23 and 24 have respectively formed thereingrooves 23d and 24d which 'extend longitudinally thereof in their sides.Some neat cement or grout 33 will be placed in said grooves and anotherplate 23 will then be placed on top of the lower plate 23. Said upperplate 23 also has the groove 23d therein which registers with thecorresponding groove in the lower plate so that the material 33 fillsboth grooves and acts as a bond between said plates. Another plate 24 isplaced on top of the lower plate 24 also having a groove 24d registeringwith the corresponding groove in said lower plate, which grooves arelled by the material 33 which thus acts as a bond between said plates.Plates 23 and 24 are thus placed one on top of the other until thedesired height is reached.

It may be stated that the assembly of the plates 23 and 24 is preferablyfirst made at a corner of the building. As shown in Fig. 4 the inner andouter plates 23 and 24 are assembled to form walls at right angles toeach other. The plates 24 which meet at the inside of the corner areshown as having beveled edges 24c which act to form a triangular spacebetween the edges of said plates. The ends of the plates 23 at thecorner are rabbetted so as to have projecting anges 23e of reducedwidth. A corner member 34 is provided and while lthis corner member maybe variously made, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated it isshown as angular in form and having side flanges of rectangular form incross section at their ends, which ends t into the rabbetted portions ofthe plates 23. Post 34 is also preformed of concrete or some othersuitable composition material, preferably non-metallic. Post 34 hasimbedded therein one or'more of the nuts 25 and a headed bolt 35 extendsthrough a plate 36 having beveled edges engaging the inner sides of thecorner plates 23. Bolt also extends through a washer 31 preferablyplaced on the inner side of plate or board 36, which latter may be madeof wood. Post 34 is thus rmly held in position relative to plates 23.Said post 34 will be properly plumbed and boards or plates 38 will thenbe placed between inner and outer plates 23 and 24 at short distancesfrom the corner post and a body of material adapted to harden, such asconcrete 33, will be poured into the space between plates 23 and 24 andbetween the corner post 34 and plates 38. Platesv 23 and 24 willpreferabl, have tie members 40 imbedded therein projecting into saidspace and these will be imbedded in the material 33. While various kindsof tie members may be used, members 40 are illustrated as headed nailsor spikes having their head end portions imbedded in plates 23 and 24and their Shanks projecting into said space and being bent at an angleto said head end portions. When the material 39 has set or hardened themembers engaged thereby are formed into one integral structure.' Thematerial 39 will not necessarily be continuous at the corner post butmay be placed at the bottom of the corner-post and` at spaced pointstherealong, particularly at the oor zones, a board or plate being placedbetween the walls and said corner post to support said material whenpoured;

In Fig. i a vertical joint between plates-23 and 24 'is shown and theribs 23a and the ribs 24a.v are shown as having the grooves 23d and 24dtherein registering in the adjacent plates and in which is placed thematerial 33 as already described in connection with Fig. 5. Saidmaterial 33 thus acts as a bond between the adjacent plates 23 and theadjacent plates 24. Boards or plates 4I are disposed vertically adjacentthe ribs 23a and a bottom plate or board 42 extends between boards orplates 4I. The members 4I and 42 are placed at spaced intervalsvertically of the joints between plates 23 and 24 and a body of materialadapted to harden, such as concrete 43, is poured into the space betweenplates 23 and 24 and the plates 4I, the same being supported by plates42. Tie members 49 already described have their end portions imbedded inplates 23 and 24 and project into the material 43. ends of these membersprojecting into saidmgnaterial are preferably bent at an angie as shownin Fig. 4 to form a positive tie or lock. After the material 43 has set,the plates 23 and 24 are secured together to forma rigid integralstructure.

At or a short distance above the ground the exterior plates 23 areformed with some design on their outer sides and while various designsmay be used, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated said platesdesignated 23e are shown as formed to represent the common colonialclapboard. In Fig. 5 the lower of the plates 23e is shown as having abase board effect 23f.

To form the floors of the building transverse members or joists 44 areprovided. Members 44 are preferably made of concrete' or similarmaterial and project into the wall formed by plates 23 and 24 as shownin Figs. 8 and 13. The plate 24e which is disposed adjacent and abovemember 44 has a slot 24j therein through which member 44 projects.Member 44 preferably has imbedded therein suitable securing members suchas the nuts 25. Plates 45 preferably precast of concrete or somecomposition material may be disposed on and below the joists 44 and areprovided with countersunk holes 45a through which extend headed bolts 46threaded into the members softhat said plates 45 are securely held inposition. After the members 44 are in place a board or plate 41 may bedisposed between the plates 23 members 44 and a body of material adaptedto harden, such as concrete, which material is designated 48, is pouredbetween plates 23 and 24 and suitable vertical boards or plates similarto the boards or plates 4l already described. The material '48 surroundsthe ends of the members 44 as well as 'some of the connecting bolts 26and the ribs 23a and 24a, of the plates 23 and 24 so F that all of theseparts are securely connected into a rigid integral structure. Member 44preferably is alsoprovided with an opening such as the slots 44a throughwhich the material 4B also passes and in which said material ispermanently disposed.

In Fig. 11 one of the joists 44 having imbedded therein the members 25is shown and a wooden strip 49 having countersunk holesl 49a therein isconnected to member 44 by headed bolts 50 extending through said holesand threaded into the members 25. Strip 49 thus constitutes a facing forjoist 44. The structure shown in Fig. 11 may be used where it is desiredto have wooden flooring. The flooring may be nailed to member 49. whichthus forms a nailing strip.

In Fig. 12 a joist 44 is shown and a wooden strip or facing 5l issecured to the top of member 44 by the headed nails or spikes 52 driventherey through and having their lower end portions bent and imbedded inmember 4. Said portions will, of course, be imbedded in member 44 at thetime it is cast. Member 5I thus also forms a nailing strip if it isdesired to place wooden flooring thereon.

In Fig. 13 the upper portion of the building is shown and one of thejoists 44 is shown having slabs of concrete or similar material securedto its bottom side and as having the nailing strip 5| secured to its topside. Wooden flooring 53 and 24 some distance below the is laid on topof the strip 5l and will be nailed thereto in the usual manner, saidiiooring being shown as of the usual tongue and groove construction.

Where a partition is to be made a comparatively heavy strip 54 can beplaced transversely of members 5I and secured thereto in any suiti ablemanner as by the nails 55. Slabs or plates 56 of concrete or othersimilar earthy or composition material are placed against each side ofmember 5| to extend vertically. The members 55 are illustrated as havinga base board effect 56a attheir bottom portions and one of said plateswill have imbedded therein suitable securing members such as the nuts25. The other or opposite plates 5B will have countersunk holes 56htherein and bolts 51 may extend through holes 56h and be threaded intomembers 25. Plates 56 are thus securely held in spaced relation. Theplates 56 will be arranged in superposed relation and preferably willhave ribs 56e at their edges which may be provided with thelongitudinally extending grooves 55d. The grooves 56d will register inthe superposed plates and some bonding material 58 such as cement. groutor other suitable material will be placed in said grooves. A plate orboard 59 will be placed some distance below the joint of plate 5B andsome material adapted to harden, such as concrete, will be placedbetween the plates 56, said material being designated 60. Plates 56 willhave tie members secured thereto and while various forms of tie membersmight be used, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated headedspikes or nails 6l are shown having their head portions imbedded inplates 5E with their shanks projecting therefrom and bent at an angle.These members lil are imbedded in the material 60 as are also the ribsor iianges 56e so that after material 6D sets or hardens an integralstructure is formed including the plates 56.

At the roof portion of the building joists 62 will be used similar tothe joists 44 already described except that theend portions 62a thereofwill be preferably beveled on their upper sides. The tcp plates 24 willhave suitable slots cut therein to accommodate the joists 62. Joists 62are illustrated as having suitable securing members cast therein such asthe nuts 25 and a ceiling is shown comprising plates 63 havingcountersunk holes 63a therein, through which holes pass the headed bolts64 threaded into members 25 holding platesV 63 in place. Obviously `anailing strip such as the strips 49 or 5I shown in Figs. ll and l2 couldbe used at the bottom of joists B2 and a wooden ceiling or lath securedthereto if desired. A plaster or other desired ceiling could be securedto the lath. Rafters 65 are provided and extend at an angle upwardlyfrom each side of the building forming a gable roof structure. The topplates 23 and 24 are provided with suitable slots to accommodate therafters 65. The rafters 65 will, of course, be disposed between thejoists 52 and said rafters are preferably provided with recesses 65a andanchoring means such as bolts 66 extend through said rafters and havetheir headed portions extending below said rafters between plates 23 and24. Bolts 66 are provided with nuts 61 preferably resting on washers 68disposed on the horizontal portion of the recess 65a. vA board or plate69 is disposed some distance below the rafters 65 and a body of materialadapted to harden, such as concrete, is poured between walls 23 and 24above plate 69, which material is designated 1li. This material willextend to the top of plates 23 and 24 and will imbed the ends ofjoists.62 and the portion of rafters 65 between walls 23 and 24. Afterthe material 10 has set or hardened the nut 81 can be tightened so thatthe rafters are securely held in position. An integral structure isformed including parts 23, 24, 62 and 65 as well as the anchoring member66. Other tie members 1`I such as the headed nails or spikes alreadydescribed may have portions imbedded in plates 23 and 24 and have bentportions extending into the material 18. The rafters have suitablesecuring members imbedded therein, such as the nuts 25, having theirends exposed at the top and lower end of said rafters. While variousroofing materials may be used, in the embodiment of the inventionillustrated plates 12 which preferably will be precast of some materialsuch as concrete or composition are shown as placed on top of therafters 65, said plates having countersunk holes 12a therein. Headedbolts 13 extend through said holes and into the members 25, thussecuring plate 12 firmly and rigidly on the rafters. Roof plates 12 maybe as illustrated made to represent shingles or tiles. A perfectly tightstructure is thus provided at the edges of the roof. Plates 1 2 areshown as shaving rabbeted and overlapping edges. A space is formedbetween the upper ends of rafters 65 and of the upper plates 12 and somematerial adapted to harden, such as concrete, is poured into said space,said material being designated 14. 'Iie members such as nails or spikes1I are cast in rafters 65 and extend into material 14. A tie member 15extends between each pair of rafters 55 and will be secured thereto bybolts 16 extending therethrough and into threaded securing members 11imbedded in the rafters 65. A cornice 18 extends transversely of thelower ends of the rafters 85 beneath the lowermost plate 12, the samehaving countersunk holes 18a therein. Headed bolts 19 extend throughholes 18a into one of the nuts 25 and hold plate 18 in place.

Window casings including the sill 88 and the casing members 8| may beinserted in the walls as desired and as shown in Fig. l. Said windowframes may have the sills of concrete or other desired material whilepartsv 8| may be of wood or metal.

l In Fig. 14 a vertical section is shown through the building and afurnace 83 is shown as dispcsed in the lower room or basement. A chimney84 has a flue 84a to which the smoke pipe 83a of the furnace isconnected. Said furnace is shown as having the usual fire door 83h andthe ashpit door 83C. While chimney 84 might be variously made, itpreferably is constructed of segmental' sections 84h of semi-cylindricalform, the same having ribs or flanges 84e extending longitudinallythereof at their edges. Sections 84h have tying and spacing members 85inbedded therein and projecting from their ends. While these tyingmembers may take various forms, in the embodiment of the inventionillustrated they are shown as made of headed spikes. Said chimney alsohas outer sections 84d also of semi-cylindrical form and which have ribsor flanges 84e extending longitudinally at their edges. The flanges 84oand 84e act as radial spacing members for the sections 84h and 84d.Sections 84d also have spacing members 86 projecting from their ends andwhile these might be variously formed, in the embodimentof the inventionillustrated they are shown as headed spikes. Sections 84h also havetying members 81 projecting from their outer sides into the spacebetween the ends of sections 84. After the sections are assembled asshown in Fig. 16, concrete or other material adapted to harden is puredinto the spaces between, the ends of sections 84h and into the spacesbetween the ends of sections 84d. Suitable forms will be placed inposition to coverf the open sides of said Spaces. After said materialhas set or hardened the chimney will comprise an integral structure andthe said sections will be securely and rigidly held together. It will beseen that sections 84h form an inner wall while sections 84d form anouter wail and that the chimney thus has a wall of two layers with aspace or spaces 84j therebetween. Said spaces form convenient passagesfor pipes 88 or wiring conduits 9| used in the building. The space orspaces 84f may be connected by openings 84g to the attic and otherfloors between the ceiling 63 and the roof and similar openings may bemade between said spaces and the other rooms of the building if desired.The sections 84d may have the projecting flanges or ribs 84h and 84i atthe outer sides thereof and partition Walls 88 of the building mayengage the outer sides of flanges 841' and be spaced thereby,- the endsof said partition members engaging the outer sides of the ribs 84h. Thechimney 84 is shown as projecting above the roof plates 12 and the topof the chimney is of thickened and ornamental construction as shown inFig. 14. An opening 84k at the bottom of the chimney admits air to space84f.

From the above description it is seen that applicant has provided asimple and efficient structure of building and method of making thesame. The preformed parts used are easily made at small expense andthese parts can readily be assembled on the job by unskilled labor. Thetying material or concrete is placed at the time of `construction andholds all of the parts in rigid relation and forms in reality anintegral structure. This gives great strength to the construction. Thetying material or concrete is used only where necessary and forms a verysmall part of the building material. 'Ihe walls act as forms for thistying material which greatly facilitates the operation of building. Thebuilding will be entirely reproof. concrete or composition material thebuilding will be very durable. 'I'he exterior of the building asillustratedtwill resemble wooden clapboard and will have a pleasingappearance. Obviously other designs can be used on the exterior.

With the chimney construction used the waste The construction being ofor exhaust heat from the furnace is utilized to y heat the attic orother rooms. This makes an efllcient use of heat which would otherwisebe lost and will result in reduced fuel consumption. 'I'he chimneyconstruction also' forms an eillcient Ventilating means.

It is obvious that the method and structure will have a high degree ofutility for the purpose intended.

It will, of course, be understood that various changes may be made inthe form, details, arrangement and proportions of the structure and inthe steps and sequence of steps of the method without departing from thescope of applicants' invention, which, generally stated, consists in a.method and structure capable of carrying out the objects above setforth, such as disclosed and defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed iszy 1. A structure comprising spaced plate-like membersadaptedto form a wall, a bolt extending between said members for drawingthe same together, said bolt extending lsome distance from said wall atone side thereof and an anchoring memberdisposed in the ground to whichsaid bolt is connected.

2. A structure comprising precastA plate-like members vforming the outerside of a wall and spaced at their ends, a precast post member en-Raging the outer sides of said members at their adjacent ends, meansengaging said post and extending inwardly therefrom between said membersfor holding said post in position anda post poured medium bindingr saidmeans,- members and post together.

3. A structure comprising spaced precast platelike vertical membersadapted to form the outer side of a wall, a precast vertical memberextending between said members and engaging the outer sides thereof, athreaded metallic member imbedded in said last mentioned member, aplacing member engaging said rst mentioned members, a holding memberextending through said placing member into said threaded member forholding said iirst mentioned member in position and a post cast mediumdisposed between said nrst mentioned member, saidsecond mentioned memberand said placing memberA for holding all of the same in position.

4. A structure'comprising spaced preformed plates adapted to form afoundation wall, a base member having a recess therein in which thelower ends of said plates are disposed and having upwardly extendingmetallic tie members with their ends imbedded in said base member andhaving portions projecting into said recess and bent at an angle to saidimbedded portions and a post poured medium between the lower portions ofsaid plates and in said recess` and about said metallic ties.

5. A building structure comprising a series of Yprecast verticalplate-like members forming a wall arranged to enclose a verticalchamber, a second series of precast vertically extending plates forminga wall extending about and spaced from said first mentioned wall, aspace thus being formed between said walls, said chamber being adaptedto form a chimney and said space `being adapted to act as a collector ofheat from said chamber. v

6. The structure set forth in claim 5, a building having spaced floorsthrough which said structure extends and openings in said secondmentioned wall into said space between the various floors of saidbuilding.

7. A foundation structure for a building comprising a precast basemember having a recess therein, side wall plates disposed in said recessand engaging the sides thereof, tie members having portions imbedded insaid base member and portions projecting upwardly therefrom and a postpoured binding medium about said projecting portions and between saidside plates tying allof said parts together and forming an integralunit.

8. The structure set forth in claim '1, bolts extending between andengaging said plates to hold the same in position, said bolts beingremovable after said post poured medium is in place.

, 9. A building structure comprising a precast corner post, precast wallplates disposed in planes at right angles to each other engaging theedges of said post, other wall plates spaced respectively from saidiirst mentioned plates and having engaging edges, headed members havingtheir heads imbedded in said wall plates and projecting into the spacetherebetween, means holding said corner post against said rst mentionedwall plates and a post poured medium between said plates and postimbedding said projecting portions and tying all of said parts together.

10. A building structure having a precast corner post, wall platesengaging the edges and inner sides of said corner post, a memberextending between said wall plates having beveled edges respectivelyengaging said wall plates and a holding member extending between saidlast mentioned member and corner post tending to mcve the same togetherto hold said corner post against said wall plates.

11. A foundation structure comprising a precast base member,v4 spacedvertical wall plates supported by said member and extending upwardlytherefrom and a bolt having means thereon spacing said plates andextending beyond one plate into the earth and acting as a tie or bracemember.

12. A building structure comprising spaced precast plates, one of saidplates having a slot extending transversal therethrough, a rafter memberextending through said plate and disposed in said slot and a post-pouredmedium between said plates forming therewith a wall and imbedding saidrafter member.

13. The structure set forth in claim l2, a member imbedded in saidmedium having a threaded end projecting thereabove and a nut disposed onsaid threaded end and engaging said rafter to hold the same.

14. A building structure comprising spaced pairs of superposed precastplates, the plates of each pair having engaging inwardly projectingflanges with mating grooves therein, a bonding material in said grooves,spaced platelke members extending between said pairs of plates, meansfor drawing said plates together against said members and a post-pouredmedium between said pairs and member surrounding said flanges andholding said plates and members in position.

15. A building structure comprising spaced precast members, spacedspacing plates extending therebetween and having their opposite edgesabutting adjacent sides of said members, ties embedded in said membersrespectively and having end portions projecting therefrom between saidmembers, bolts for drawing said members together and against said platesand a post cast medium disposed between said members and about saidties.

16. As an article of manufacture, a wall member precast of concrete, anda bored securing member embedded in said wall member in intimate contactwith said concrete, said securing member including integral portionspreventing the entrance of concrete into the bore thereof.

17. A building structure comprising prefabri.-

. cated members arranged to edge, a plurality of headed stud membershaving their headed portions embedded adjacent the vertical adges ofeach of said prefabricated members and projecting therefrom, and a.pourable bonding agent disposed about the adjacent edges of saidprefabricated members and surrounding the projecting ends of said studmembers and .adapted to harden to' bind all of said members together.

18. A building structure comprising spaced prefabricated wall membersadapted to form a hollow wall, spacing plates extending between spacedrelationship, stud tending projection at each oi the vertical seamsxsnagxg'eg glxireimin said wall members. said between adjacent plates,and a pourabie bonding stud members having end portions projectingagentbetween the sides disposed about each protherei'rom between saidwall members. and a .iection and adapted to harden to bind adjacentpourable bonding agent adapted to harden and i'langes together. 5 bindall ot said members together.` 21. A hollow wall comprising inner andouter 19. A structure comprisim prefabricated wail sides, each sidecomprising a plurality oi' premembers angular-ly disposed with respectto one fabricated p1ate,members arranged edge to edge another, apreiabricated post member engaging formingverticaiseams, stud membersembedded in adjacent vertical edges oi said wall members, in 'said platemembers adjacent said seams pro- 1o means secured to said post memberand engaging jecting into the space between said sides and tersaid wallmembers and adapted to draw and hold minating short of the side towardwhich each lall o! said members in related assembly, and a projects, anda pourable bonding agent between pourable bonding agent adapted toharden and the sides adjacent each seam and embedding the 1r, bind saidmembers and said means together. projecting` portions oi' said studmembers. said 15 420. 'A hollow wall having'spaced inner and bondingagent being adapted to harden to grip outer sides, each side comprisinga plurality of said stud members and bind said sides togetherpreiabricated plate members arranged edge to in their assembledposition.

edge, each vertical edge ot each plate having an EDWIN C. WASHBURN. -20inwardly extendingiiange whereby the abutting i EDWIN C. WASHBURN. Jn.2o

ilanges of adjacent plates ferm an inwardly ex- ALIM-'QED F. WASH'BURN.

vGERI'IFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 2,068,831. l January 26. 193?.

EDWIN c. wAsHBURN, si' AL.

the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows; Page -4,first column, line 28, for the word` "shaving" read having; page-5,second column, line 27, claim 12, forv "transversal" read transversely;line 51, claim 15, strike out; the word "respectively" and insert thesame after "abutting" in line 50, same claim; line 64, claim 17', after"arranged" insert edge; kline 66, same claim, for "edges" read edges;and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these correctionstherein that the same may conform to the record of the case-.n thePatent Office.

Signed land sealedhis 16th day of March, A. D. 1937.

Henry Van Arsdal e (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

spaced relationship, stud tending projection at each oi the verticalseams xsnagxg'eg glxireimin said wall members. said between adjacentplates, and a pourabie bonding stud members having end portionsprojecting agentbetween the sides disposed about each protherei'rombetween said wall members. and a .iection and adapted to harden to bindadjacent pourable bonding agent adapted to harden and i'langes together.5 bind all ot said members together.` 21. A hollow wall comprising innerand outer 19. A structure comprisim prefabricated wail sides, each sidecomprising a plurality oi' premembers angular-ly disposed with respectto one fabricated p1ate,members arranged edge to edge another, apreiabricated post member engaging formingverticaiseams, stud membersembedded in adjacent vertical edges oi said wall members, in 'said platemembers adjacent said seams pro- 1o means secured to said post memberand engaging jecting into the space between said sides and tersaid wallmembers and adapted to draw and hold minating short of the side towardwhich each lall o! said members in related assembly, and a projects, anda pourable bonding agent between pourable bonding agent adapted toharden and the sides adjacent each seam and embedding the 1r, bind saidmembers and said means together. projecting` portions oi' said studmembers. said 15 420. 'A hollow wall having'spaced inner and bondingagent being adapted to harden to grip outer sides, each side comprisinga plurality of said stud members and bind said sides togetherpreiabricated plate members arranged edge to in their assembledposition.

edge, each vertical edge ot each plate having an EDWIN C. WASHBURN. -20inwardly extendingiiange whereby the abutting i EDWIN C. WASHBURN. Jn.2o

ilanges of adjacent plates ferm an inwardly ex- ALIM-'QED F. WASH'BURN.

vGERI'IFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 2,068,831. l January 26. 193?.

EDWIN c. wAsHBURN, si' AL.

the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows; Page -4,first column, line 28, for the word` "shaving" read having; page-5,second column, line 27, claim 12, forv "transversal" read transversely;line 51, claim 15, strike out; the word "respectively" and insert thesame after "abutting" in line 50, same claim; line 64, claim 17', after"arranged" insert edge; kline 66, same claim, for "edges" read edges;and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these correctionstherein that the same may conform to the record of the case-.n thePatent Office.

Signed land sealedhis 16th day of March, A. D. 1937.

Henry Van Arsdal e (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

